Current Issue
March 2024
Volume 39, No.1
pISSN 1225-7117
eISSN 2288-8268
Research Paper 31 March 2024
Research Paper 31 March 2024
Research Paper 31 March 2024
Research Paper 31 March 2024
Abstract : Synthetic and natural fibers pose a significant threat to the environment due to their production, usage, and disposal, releasing high levels of toxic substances and microplastics that have detrimental effects on ecosystems. Research is being actively conducted on mushroom-based materials as substitutes for many industrial materials, as they are cost-effective, have simple production processes, and possess eco-friendly properties. However, studies on mushroom fibers are limited. In this study, the mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Schizophyllum commune were utilized to create environmentally sustainable mushroom fibers. Chitosan was extracted from each mushroom mycelium and subsequently formed into monofilament through wet spinning. The characteristic of this chitosan was confirmed through FT-IR and XRD analyses. Comparison with commercial chitosan showed that mushroom mycelium chitosan displayed greater deacetylation (82.8-84.8%), lower molecular weight (21.3-48.3 kDa), and crystallinity. It was confirmed that the surface and tensile strength of the monofilament improved with the addition of mushroom mycelium chitosan.
Abstract : Large amounts of waste cooking oil (WCO) and waste scallop shells (WSS) are discharged from local restaurants. In this study, alkaline solid catalysts were manufactured from WSS via calcination and reused for repeated biodiesel production from WCO, with a free fatty acid content of 1.9%. The optimal calcination conditions were determined to be 750ºC for 3 h. The optimal reaction conditions for biodiesel production from WCO were 3.5 wt% of the solid catalyst relative to the WCO, 0.7 mL-methanol/g-WCO, 60ºC, 5 h of reaction time, and 150 rpm. Under these optimal conditions, a biodiesel conversion of 90.2% was achieved. Among the various treatment methods for the reuse of solid catalysts, simple separation of the reaction mixture and filling of fresh WCO and methanol into the reactor containing the solid catalysts used in previous biodiesel production was the most effective. The alkaline solid catalysts were successfully reused for seven rounds of biodiesel production, maintaining > 85% of biodiesel conversion under the optimal reaction conditions.
Abstract : Probiotic microorganisms are one of the useful ingredients that can be used in the manufacture of cosmetics and internal beauty products. The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of using probiotic bacterial culture-derived materials as cosmetic materials by measuring the effect on UVB-induced photoaging in human keratinocytes. Considering the formulation design for human application, the bacterial cell lysate and culture supernatant were separated from the cultured broth of Limosilactobacillus fermentum IDCC 3901. The test materials were treated to HaCaT cells and then irradiated with UVB to determine cell viability, antioxidant activity, and inhibition of collagen degradation. Cell survival rate, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, collagen content, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) production were measured. The test materials demonstrated protective effects on HaCaT cells exposed to UVB, as evidenced by a reduction in ROS generation through enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity. Additionally, the test materials down-regulated the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-9, resulting in an augmentation of collagen content. These findings suggest that materials derived from probiotic cultivation exhibit potential for use as anti-aging agents in cosmetics, particularly against UVB-induced skin damage.
Abstract : Quercus acuta Thunb (QA) has been reported to contain various polyphenolic and flavonoid components, contributing to its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiviral effects. However, most studies have focused on Q. acuta Thunb leaves, and there is limited research comparing the physiological activities of leaves and branches or addressing wrinkle improvement. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant activity and wrinkle inhibition effects of Q. acuta Thunb leaf and branch extracts using hot water, 70% ethanol and 100% ethanol. Additionally, LC-MS/MS analysis was employed to identify the physiologically active components in Q. acuta Thunb leaves and branch extracts. The comparison of antioxidant activities between Q. acuta Thunb leaves and branches revealed higher antioxidant activity in Q. acuta Thunb branch extract, with an IC50 value of 117.54 μg/mL in the ABTS radical scavenging assay. To verify the wrinkle improvement effect, the enzyme inhibition activity of collagenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase was measured. The enzyme inhibition experiment results showed that Q. acuta Thunb branches 100% ethanol extract (QAB3) had enzyme inhibition activity, with IC50 values of 390.40 μg/mL, 309.44 μg/mL and 307.98 μg/mL, respectively. RT-PCR results on epidermal cells (HaCaT) showed a decrease in the expression of MMP-3 and MMP-9, enzymes responsible for collagen degradation. Therefore, QAB3 extract proves to be a highly effective substance for antioxidant activity and wrinkle improvement, suggesting its potential use as a functional material in various beauty products.
Min Ji Kim and Hwa Hui Shin
Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering Journal 2023; 38(2): 77-89
https://doi.org/10.7841/ksbbj.2023.38.2.77
Gi-Hye Park, Su-Kyoung Yoo, and Geun-Joong Kim
Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering Journal 2023; 38(2): 100-111
https://doi.org/10.7841/ksbbj.2023.38.2.100
Kyong Min Kwak, Jeong Un Kim, and Moon Il Kim
Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering Journal 2023; 38(4): 203-211
https://doi.org/10.7841/ksbbj.2023.38.4.203
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